Neonatal sepsis is a serious medical condition in newborn babies caused by a bacterial infection in the bloodstream. It is a common and potentially life-threatening condition, particularly in premature infants or those with low birth weights. Neonatal sepsis can lead to severe complications if not treated promptly, including septic shock, organ dysfunction, and even death. Early diagnosis and treatment with antibiotics are essential for improving outcomes in infants with neonatal sepsis. Researchers in this area are studying risk factors, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and preventive measures to reduce the incidence and impact of neonatal sepsis.